可压缩流体气动力学讲义（英文版）

本书为钱学森1947－1949年在麻省理工学院航空系教授可压缩流体气动力学课程的讲义，体现了当时最前沿的空气动力学水平。全书共分19章。第1－4章为基本原理，给出可压缩流描述的基本参数和基本原则。第5－11章讨论相对简单的各种类型二维流动，从不可压无旋流动开始，到亚、跨、超、高超声速的各种处理方法，包括速度图法、相似律、线性化理论等。第12－16章针对不同翼型不同流速进行三维分析。第17－19章集中于黏性效应，涉及流体的黏性，速度与温度边界层、边界层与激波相互作用等。本书数学推导精致、内容翔实、物理概念明晰，在讲解理论知识的同时还传授了如何把握物理本质、建立数学模型的理念和方法。这对于当今工程或技术科学的学者仍具有现实意义。

DIVISION ONEFUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
Chapter 1 Parameters in Compressible Flow
1.1 Velocity of Sound and Mach Number
1.2 Viscosity,Reynolds Number
1.3 Heat Conduction,Prandtl Number
1.4 Property of Gas,Ratio of Specific Heat
1.5 Similarity of Flows
Chapter 2 Steady One Dimensional Motion of a Perfect Compressible Fluid
2.1 Thermodynamic Relations,and Energy Equation
2.2 Perfect Gas Relations
2.3 Flow Area,Conditions at the Throat
2.4 Flow Through a De Laval Nozzle
2.5 Pressure and Velocity Relations in Isentropic Flow
Chapter 3 Shock Wave
3.1 Relation of Quantities in front and behind the Shock
3.2 Thickness of Shock
3.3 Creation of Shock from Finite Compression Disturbances
3.4 Oblique Shock
3.5 Flow over a Wedge
3.6 Pitot Tube
Appendix The Concept of Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
Chapter 4 Basic Equations of Motion of a Compressible,Inviscid and Non Heat Conducting Fluid
4.1 General Equations
4.2 Kelvin Theorem
4.3 Helmholtz Theorem
4.4 Steady Two Dimensional Rotational Flow—Detached Shock
4.5 Non steady Irrotational Flow
4.6 Method of Approximate Solution of Irrotational Subsonic Isentropic Flow
Appendix Vector Differentiation

DIVISION TWOTWO DIMENSIONAL FLOWS
Chapter 5 RayleighJanzen Method
5.1 General Equations
5.2 Solution by means of Complex Variables
5.3 Flow around a Circular Cylinder
5.4 Pressure Coefficient as a Series of Ma
5.5 Higher Order of Approximation for the Circular Cylinder
Bibliography
Chapter 6 PrandtlGlauert Method
6.1 Basic Equations for Iteration
6.2 First Approximation—PrandtlGlauert Rule
6.3 First Approximation,Using Velocity Potential
6.4 Higher Approximations
Bibliography
Chapter 7 Hodograph Method and KrmnTsien Approximation
7.1 Basic Equations in Hodograph Variables
7.2 Formulation of Problem in Hodograph Plane
7.3 Karman—Tsien Approximation
7.4 Velocity and Pressure Correction Formulae
7.5 Coordinate Correction
7.6 Application to the Flow around an Elliptic Cylinder
7.7 Further Development of Karman—Tsien Approximation
Bibliography
Chapter 8 Velocity and Pressure Correction Formulae
8.1 Correction for Boundary Effects in Subsonic Flow
8.2 Limitations of the Correction Formulae
8.3 The Recommended Correction Formulae
Bibliography
Chapter 9 Exact Solution of Isentropic Irrotational Flow
9.1 Flow with 180° Turn
9.2 Limiting Line
9.3 Breakdown of Potential Flow
9.4 General Exact Solutions
Bibliography
Chapter 10 Two Dimensional Supersonic Flows
10.1 The Lost Solution
10.2 PrandtlMeyer Flow
10.3 Flow over an Airfoil
10.4 Ackeret's Formulae
10.5 Further Remarks
Bibliography
Chapter 11 Transonic and Hypersonic Similarity Laws
11.1 Transonic Flow Equation
11.2 Transonic Similarity Law
11.3 Slightly Supersonic Flow
11.4 Hypersonic Flows and Similarity Laws
Bibliography
Chapter 12 Linearized Theory of Flow over a Slender Body of Revolution
12.1 Subsonic Flows with Axial Symmetry
12.2 Linearized Subsonic Flow
12.3 Subsonic Flow over a Slender Ellipsoid of Revolution
12.4 Supersonic Flow over a Slender Body of Revolution
12.5 Pressure Distribution
12.6 Wave Drag
12.7 Origin of Wave Drag—Transfer of Momentum
12.8 Body of Minimum Wave Drag
12.9 Lift of a Body of Revolution
Bibliography
Appendix
Chapter 13 Non Linear Theory of Axially Symmetric Flows
13.1 Transonic Similarity Law
13.2 Hypersonic Similarity Law
13.3 "Lost Solution" of the Exact Equation
13.4 Exact Solution for Flow over a Cone
Bibliography
Chapter 14 Similarity Laws for Wings of Finite Span
14.1 Similarity Law in Subsonic Flow
14.2 Similarity Law in Transonic Flow
14.3 Similarity Laws in Supersonic Flow
14.4 Similarity Laws in Hypersonic Flow
Chapter 15 Rectangular Wing in Supersonic Flow
15.1 Source and Dou